what is neuropathy

You’ve come to the right place if you need help finding a support group for neuropathy. Among other commonly cited statistics, neuropathy is present in: Some peripheral neuropathies develop slowly – over months to years – while others develop more rapidly and continue to get worse. There are over 100 types of neuropathies and each type can develop differently. Neuropathy is a common complication of cancer, whether due to the location of your tumor or the treatment, such as chemotherapy, that you’ve undergone. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. However, higher proportions of those who were Black and Hispanic reported difficulty communicating with their healthcare provider about their pain symptoms, and feeling less comfortable about doing it. Neuropathy is where the outer sheathing (protective covering, also called the myelin sheath) of nerve cells (also called neurons) starts to degenerate. Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) Used to assess damage to the nerve endings involved in sensing temperature and vibrations, QST uses computer testing to measure how the nerves in question react to these stimuli. Autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Certain nutrient deficiencies or excesses. Perspectives on the Impact of Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in a Multicultural Population. Neuropathy results when nerve cells, called neurons, are damaged or destroyed. Think of the two systems working together this way: Your central nervous system is the central station. If you are taking the medication, be sure to inform your physician so he or she can look out for a possible deficiency and recommend supplementation or dietary advice. Nutrient deficiencies — whether caused by disease-related malabsorption, alcoholism, or an unbalanced diet — can also lead to neuropathy. Incidence, Prevalence, and Predictors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Diabetes is a frequent cause of neuropathy, but peripheral neuropathy can also be due to toxic trauma (such as from chemotherapy) or mechanical injury, as with carpal tunnel syndrome. Sometimes nerve damage can be addressed with surgery, says Peter Highlander, DPM, a podiatrist based in Bellevue, Ohio. Sensory and motor nerves can be affected. The body makes all of the carnitine that it needs in healthy children and adults, so it is not necessary to get more from supplements or nutritional sources such as meat, poultry, and dairy. The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy (FPN) describes the following common causes of neuropathy: Poorly Managed Diabetes The most common type of neuropathy is diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which affects people managing diabetes with poorly controlled blood sugar and accounts for about 60 percent of the total people with neuropathy. Common over-the-counter medications that people reach for to address mild to moderate neuropathic pain include: Prescription medications can be taken as well. Colloca L, Ludman T, Bouhassira D, et al. Entrapment neuropathy is neuropathy in the feet caused by compression of the nerves leading to the feet, such as the posterior tibial nerve. Neuropathy can lead to the loss of feeling pain and failure in controlling muscles. (17) An previous article provides greater detail on the nerve damage that both mercury and arsenic can cause. In some cases, no cause can be identified and this is termed idiopathic neuropathy. Where the nerve damage occurs determines the type of neuropathy you have. (2). Hyperalgesia (a dramatic or severe pain in response to a stimulus that normally causes mild pain). Health disparities in diagnosis and treatment of migraine leave many Black Americans without the help they need. If you're active on social media, stop by the Our Neuropathy Friends Facebook page and join the discussion. (29), As mentioned, Dr. Highlander says surgery can be useful to release pressure on a nerve, and can be used to treat damage caused by carpal tunnel syndrome and diabetic neuropathy. Barrett S, Nickerson DS. a cut or ulcer on your foot that's not getting better. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Controlling blood sugar starts with good nutrition. (37), If you have alcoholism-related neuropathy, it goes without saying that the best advice is to abstain from drinking to help control your symptoms. “In our center we see people with very high levels of mercury, which can cause neuropathy.” The Environmental Protection Agency reports that fish can contain mercury, and recommends that young children and women who are 16 to 49 years old, pregnant, or breastfeeding limit their servings to two to three a week (8 to 12 ounces for people over age 10). This is similar to an electrical wire that is covered with insulation, and the insulation is beginning to crumble. “If you are walking, go for a quarter of a mile, and then go home and take a look at your feet,” he explains. If that underlying cause isn’t being addressed, neuropathy can worsen. Diabetes. There are many causes of peripheral neuropathy, including diabetes, chemo-induced neuropathy, hereditary disorders, inflammatory infections, auto-immune diseases, protein abnormalities, exposure to toxic chemicals (toxic neuropathy), poor nutrition, kidney failure, chronic alcoholism, and certain medications – especially those used to treat cancer and HIV/AIDS. Heavy drinking can result in malabsorption of the nutrients such as vitamin B12, as well as direct poisoning of nerves, notes the foundation. Damage or disruption to both voluntary and involuntary peripheral nerves can be involved in neuropathy. 30% to 40% of people who receive chemotherapy to treat cancer. Following a nourishing diet can help prevent or manage chronic health conditions, including neuropathy. Looking to join a support group? Research into alternative therapies for neuropathic symptoms has shown some noteworthy results. Diabetes is the number one cause in the United States. Often its symptoms can be treated following consultation with your doctor. Learn More About How to Exercise Safely if You Have Neuropathy, As the Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy notes, you can adjust your eating habits to address underlying causes of neuropathy, such as diabetes, celiac disease, and nutrient deficiencies such as not having enough vitamin B12. (13) However, Dr. Latov says the deficiency is usually a result of an individual’s metabolism or malabsorption, rather than an unbalanced diet. However, in the case of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, the nerve damage can be temporary. Staff N, Windebank A. Your reaction to a stimulus could feel more intense than normal (hyperalgesia) or unusual (paresthesia). Damage or disruption to both voluntary and involuntary peripheral nerves can be involved in neuropathy. It can help lower blood sugar and the risk of further nerve damage, too. Peripheral neuropathy may be caused by a number of different medical conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, and nutritional deficiencies. For diabetic neuropathy, Dr. Villano says he often recommends the multivitamin Metanx, which contains vitamin B12. For instance, “too much B6 can be toxic to the nerves. Neuropathy is the damage or dysfunction of the nerves. The peripheral nervous system is made up of three types of nerves, each with an important role in keeping your body healthy and functioning properly. It can interfere … This is not the same disorder as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and it can have many causes, including diabetic neuropathy. The HNF is a great place for family members and caregivers to educate themselves. (5), Cancer Specifically, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy afflicts 10 percent of Americans with neuropathy. The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy. Sometimes it affects a … (25) This technique is more commonly used to treat the pain of carpal tunnel syndrome but can be employed to treat diabetic neuropathy, an article in Practical Pain Management further explains. If neuropathy can’t be cured, treatment is aimed at controlling and managing symptoms and preventing further nerve damage. On the other hand, get as much exercise as is safe. (41). Neuropathy, or nerve damage, can result from a wide range of conditions such as diabetes and even treatments like chemotherapy. The Perfect Storm: Copper Deficiency Presenting as Progressive Peripheral Neuropathy. (20), Distal symmetric polyneuropathy This is a common type of polyneuropathy and the one most prevalent among people with diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association. Nerve damage can be permanent, advises MedlinePlus. Your brain and spinal cord make up your central nervous system. © 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves), often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in your hands and feet. Common signs and symptoms of neuropathy include: Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 12/16/2019. Blood Tests These can be ordered to check for elevated blood sugar (as seen in type 2 diabetes), toxins, vitamin deficiencies, hereditary disorders, and evidence of an abnormal immune response. Çakici N, Fakkel T, van Neck J, et al. Seretny M, Currie G, Sena E, et. Neuropathy is very common. Arsenic can be found in brown and white rice in trace amounts, but not at levels high enough to cause nerve damage. Proper nutrition is key for preventing or treating any health issues that may be at the root of neuropathy. People in certain professions, such as those that require repetitive motions, have a greater chance of developing mononeuropathies from trauma or compression of nerves. For more on potential health complications of type 2 diabetes, check out our article. Vitamin B12 Deficiency This is prevalent in 10 to 15 percent of people over age 60, and has been linked to neuropathy, according to an article in the Annual Review of Nutrition. Sign up to receive the NAF’s newsletters and advocacy alerts, make a contribution to the organization, or find tools to educate others about this condition. The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy (FPN). It can happen at any age, but it is more common among older adults. (1) Furthermore, according to MedlinePlus, it can help to strengthen muscles wasted by motor neuropathies. pain, tingling or loss of sensation in the feet. (43), However, a November 2015 study published in Clinical Cancer Research found that women of African descent being treated for breast cancer with specific chemotherapy drugs known as taxanes were more likely to report painful neuropathy symptoms than women of European descent. The normal requirement is less than 2 milligrams a day, yet many B6 supplements are 100 milligrams or more. (36), Having celiac disease can put you at risk for developing nerve damage, so if you have been diagnosed with this disorder, stick to the gluten-free diet prescribed for you. (2), For instance, getting your blood sugar under control can help halt the progression of nerve damage and improve the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. (42), Yet in a December 2017 study of more than 1,900 people who had painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy symptoms, which was published in Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, Black (65 percent) and Hispanic (49 percent) participants were less likely than white participants (87 percent) to rate their pain as moderate or severe. The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy describes: Mononeuropathy When neuropathy involves damage to only one nerve, it is called mononeuropathy. Schneider B, Li L, Radovich M, et al. Mücke M, Phillips T, Radbruch L, et al. By the time you get to six months out, that proportion has decreased to 30 percent. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common type, affecting 6 in 10 people who have any type of neuropathy. Nerve Decompression Surgery Can Reverse Neuropathy of the Foot. What is the best treatment for neuropathy? Through neurolysis, the outer sheath of an affected nerve is opened and scar tissue may be removed in order to release pressure on the nerve, explains the Department of Neurosurgery at NYU Langone. Peripheral neuropathy refers to the conditions that result when nerves that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord from and to the rest of the body are damaged or diseased. Ask questions, share tips, or relate your personal experiences. Sharp, burning, throbbing, stabbing or electric-like pain. Muscle weakness and pain due to neuropathy can cause physical limitations. By subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 7 Common Nutrient Deficiencies: Know the Signs, How to Manage Numbness, Tingling, and Other Sensory Symptoms of MS, Nerve Damage Can Be Long-Lasting After Chemo for Early Stage Breast Cancer, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), American Diabetes Association's nutrition guide, MyPlate: The Ultimate Guide to Healthy Eating (No Calorie-Counting Required!). There are four types of neuropathy: Peripheral neuropathy affects the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, such as those in the feet, hands, legs or arms. Neuropathy is often classified according to the types or locations of nerves that are affected. This free tool can help guide you. (18). On Cancer.Net, which is part of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), find essential 101 info on the cancer-related triggers and treatments for nerve damage. 2. In turn, the peripheral nervous system is divided into a voluntary — or somatic — nervous system controlling all of the functions we are aware of and can consciously control, such as moving limbs, and an involuntary — or autonomic — nervous system regulating processes we can’t consciously direct, such as heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. “If there [are] any areas of concern, consult a professional to make sure that your shoes are wide enough and large enough.” (39), Furthermore, he says, “do a daily inspection before and after you do exercise to make sure there are no areas of increased redness [or] skin breakdown. Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention, What Is Leprosy? The way your condition progresses and how quickly your symptoms start can vary greatly depending on the type of nerve or nerves damaged, and the underlying cause of the condition. Diabetes is a leading cause of neuropathy in the United States, although there are many other causes too. They were also younger, on average, than white participants. Getting more B12 in your diet is important if your doctor determines you’re deficient through a blood test, but taking B12 supplements or getting injections is also an option. A 2016 review of random controlled trials in Diabetic Medicine concluded that 600 mg of oral or intravenous alpha lipoic acid improved symptoms in five of the trials studied. It can involve the autonomic nerves, the motor nerves, and the sensory nerves. The condition affects people of all ages; however, older people are at increased risk. The American Diabetes Association's nutrition guide offers advice for managing your blood sugar, thereby preventing or minimizing nerve damage. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In some cases, correcting the underlying condition that caused neuropathy can allow nerves to recover or regenerate. There are many causes of neuropathy. After that, tests may be ordered. Smart Health: I Tried the Karman S-ERGO 115 Wheelchair for My MS — and I Liked It! For more on how to build an anti-inflammatory diet, check out our article. Furthermore, 60 to 70 percent of people with diabetes develop neuropathy. For instance, not all cases of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy are permanent. (24) However, correcting the underlying condition that caused neuropathy can allow nerves to recover or regenerate in some cases, according to the NINDS. Plenty of assistive devices can help you maintain your independence. Vitamin B12. Unfortunately, commonly, it requires amputations if it does progress to that point.”, Neuropathy can lead to complications during surgery as well, explains Highlander. Neuropathy is a problem with the peripheral nerves responsible for transmission of signals from the central nervous system to the rest of the body. (4), Idiopathic Neuropathy The second-largest group of neuropathy sufferers are those for which no cause has been identified — 23 percent — and therefore their condition is known as idiopathic peripheral neuropathy. As mentioned, neuropathy can be long-lasting, even permanent. encephalopathy and myelopathy are corresponding terms relating to involvement of the brain and spinal cord. In people with diabetic neuropathy, regular exercise can also help lower high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). While the group of conditions is irreversible, you can take steps to help prevent neuropathy or manage it through diet, lifestyle, and treatment. (26), Neuromodulation is another option. Next, depending on the type of neuropathy, you may use OTC pain relievers; obtain a prescription antidepressant, antiseizure, or antiepileptic medication from your doctor; or explore neuromodulation or surgery for symptom relief. Neuropathy is a common complication of a number of different medical conditions. Severe pain, especially at night. Learn More About the Complications of Neuropathy: How It Affects Your Body in the Short and Long Term. Neuropathy is damage or dysfunction of one or more nerves that typically results in numbness, tingling, muscle weakness and pain in the affected area. This resource also guides you in grocery shopping for healthy foods and using supplements for neuropathy. Doctors are learning that neuropathy can cause many more problems than just numbness and tingling in the feet and hands. Neuropathy is a term that refers to general diseases or malfunctions of the nerves. It can involve placing an electrode along a peripheral nerve. A small, randomized, controlled clinical trial that was published in December 2019 in Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology found that “there was a statistically significant reduction in intense pain, sharp pain, cold and itchy sensations in the CBD group when compared to the placebo group.” (30) However, an article published in July by Cochrane asserted that there isn’t enough good evidence to say that any cannabis-derived product works for chronic neuropathic pain. (19) When both sensory and motor nerves are involved, the condition is known as sensorimotor polyneuropathy, in which damage happens bodywide to nerve cells, fibers (axons), and coverings (myelin sheaths), according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine’s MedlinePlus guide. Peripheral neuropathy, often shortened to neuropathy, is a general term describing disease affecting the peripheral nerves, meaning nerves beyond the brain and spinal cord.Damage to peripheral nerves may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function depending on which nerves are affected; in other words, neuropathy affecting motor, sensory, or autonomic nerves result in different symptoms. Though not a disease itself, neuropathy is diagnosed in many people for whom no pre-existing cause can be determined. Many conditions and events that impact health can cause neuropathy, including: Symptoms of neuropathy vary depending on the type and location of the nerves involved. However, this does not mean other parts cannot be affected. Baik H, Russel R. Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly. Peripheral neuropathy (often referred to simply as "neuropathy") refers to any condition that damages or disrupts nerves in the peripheral nervous system. They might send signals of … Recovery, if it’s possible, usually takes a very long time -- from months to even years. al. Your peripheral nervous system is the network of nerves outside your brain and spinal cord. Diabetic Neuropathy: A Position Statement by the American Diabetes Association. Neuropathies frequently start in your hands and feet, but other parts of your body can be affected too. We recommend that people wear white socks so that if there’s any sort of drainage or bleeding, it can be seen.”. It frequently involves burning or tingling sensations, but it can also have shooting, stabbing, electric-shock-like, or numbing qualities. It can go away on its own but is often chronic. Williams and the Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy describe the following types of common tests: (23). Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that causes weakness, pain, and numbness in your extremities (typically the hands and feet). Before one of his patients begins exercising, Williams typically assesses the patient’s feet, neuropathy, blood flow to the extremities, and their risk for deformities and foot ulcers. When left untreated, neuropathy can quickly escalate to the point where it dramatically hinders your quality of life. We’ve included the FPN twice, and for good reason. Disorders such as atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, advanced kidney disease and hypothyroidism may also be to blame, as well as certain drugs or environmental toxins. Autonomic nerve damage can affect bodily functions or blood pressure, and even create gastrointestinal symptoms. “If it’s where there’s diminished sensation in the feet, there can be areas of increased pressure that can cause sores or ulcers,” says Dr. Villani. The etiology may be known (e.g., arsenical, diabetic, ischemic, or traumatic neuropathy) or unknown. Nerves at any location in the body can be damaged from injury or disease. Browse the site for general information on neuropathy, ranging from symptoms to coping tips. Additional health conditions, including autoimmune diseases, and health events, such as physical trauma, are associated with neuropathy. Nerves are the fibers that transmit sensations to the brain or spinal cord. (3). Physical therapy can help in some cases of motor neuropathies involving muscle weakness or wasting, says R. Glenn Smith, MD, a neurologist at Houston Methodist in Houston. There’s also information on how to find one in your area. Sweating too much or not enough in relation to the temperature or degree or exertion. neuropathy [noo͡-rop´ah-the] any of numerous functional disturbances and pathologic changes in the peripheral nervous system. Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs), which inhibit the reuse of the neurotransmitters. It's also recommended that people at highest risk of peripheral neuropathy, such as people with diabetes, have regular check-ups. Neuropathy involves damage or dysfunction of one or more nerves in the body. For example, focal neuropathy—one of the diabetic neuropathies—is a form of neuropathy that affects a single group of nerves. This retreat isn’t specific to neuropathy. Changes in sensation. Inability to move a part of the body (paralysis). It is estimated that about 25% to 30% of Americans will be affected by neuropathy. 2019 EPA-FDA Advice About Eating Fish and Shellfish. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Neuropathy can affect one nerve (mononeuropathy) or nerve type, a combination of nerves in a limited area (multifocal neuropathy) or many peripheral nerves throughout the body (polyneuropathy). Your peripheral … (7). Cannabidiol (CBD) Derived from the same cannabis sativa plant that produces marijuana and hemp, it has been used in the treatment of chronic, noncancer neuropathic pain, but more studies are needed to prove its efficacy. Because chronic high blood pressure and diabetes can cause neuropathy or nerve pain, we couldn’t compile a resource list without including the American Diabetes Association. Regular exercise may lessen pain and address the muscle weakness that some people have with neuropathy. “Antidepressants have an effect on some of the neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and serotonin, which can have an effect on pain,” he explains. Neuropathies frequently start in your hands and feet, but other parts of your body can be affected too. Gabapentin for Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Adults. As there are so many causes of nerve damage, the symptoms vary widely from one person to another. As there is an increasing loss of perception of stimuli in the affected area, numbness ensues. If a patient knows they have neuropathy, that should be brought up before surgery,” says Highlander. Cannabis Products for Adults With Chronic Neuropathic Pain. The primer lists the following common conditions associated with peripheral neuropathic pain (22): Across a wide range of causes, the symptoms of neuropathic pain tend to be similar, says Vernon Williams, MD, a sports neurologist and director of the Center for Sports Neurology and Pain Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute in Los Angeles. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |. Policy. Understanding how peripheral neuropathy (often just called neuropathy) can affect everything your body does requires a brief look into what is the peripheral nervous system. ‘Queer Eye’ Star Karamo Brown Talks About the Challenges of Getting Diagnosed and Living With Migraine, With MS, ‘Nearly There’ Is the New ‘Good Enough’. Track the Vax: What Needs to Be Done to Get COVID-19 Vaccines Into Arms Faster? National Institutes of Health. Damage to sensory nerves can affect sensations and sense of balance, while damage to motor nerves can affect movement and reflexes. (14), Excess Nutrient Consumption Getting too much of a nutrient can also lead to neuropathy as well, Latov cautions. The tracks (the network of nerves) allow the trains (information signals) to travel to and from the central station (your brain and spinal cord). Additionally, he says, the pain will often be associated with other symptoms, such as: Learn More About Neuropathic Pain and How It’s Treated. Your doctor will review your medical history, including your symptoms, your lifestyle, exposure to toxins, drinking habits and a family history of nervous system (neurological) diseases. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Neuropathy the medical term for a condition in which there are problems with nerves in the body - either they have been damaged or are affected by a disease. Still, check with your doctor before starting exercise, because neuropathy can increase the risk of injury or alter your response to it. The extent of recovery is often less dramatic for older patients, he adds. According to the Neuropathy Association, over 20 million Americans suffer from peripheral neuropathy, or neuropathy in the feet. The nervous system is made up of two parts: The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. Researchers said more research in diverse populations is needed to understand the disparities. (8). Coyle L, Entezaralmahdi M, Adeola M, Mobolaji, M, et al. Why Does Type 2 Diabetes Cause Your Feet to Go Numb? Hemminger A, Wills B. Vitamin B6 Toxicity. National Institutes of Health. You’ll also find newsletters, podcasts, and information on how to locate a local support group. “Brown rice can have high arsenic levels, and that can cause neuropathy too,” Latov says. If you have neuropathy, the most commonly described feelings are sensations of numbness, tingling (“pins and needles”), and weakness in the area of the body affected. This nonprofit not only provides education and research, it’s also an excellent resource if you’re looking for support. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Improves Pain, Nerve Regeneration, and Vibratory Perception in Patients With Chronic Diabetic Neuropathy. “The ulcers can become infected because there are open wounds, which can also progress into bone infection. Comprising more than 4,000 members, this website is an excellent place to connect with people who understand your situation firsthand. The leading cause of leg and foot neuropathy is diabetes mellitus.Chronic, long-term effects of high blood glucose levels result in irreversible nerve damage to the legs and feet. This disrupts the nerves’ normal functioning. Policy, Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. But they are more likely to gain relief from certain categories of medication that have a specific effect on the pain pathways. U.S. Drug Overdose Deaths Hit Record During COVID-19 Pandemic, Tippi Coronavirus: Tips for Living With COVID-19. Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms Often Occur in the Feet Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which affects between 12 and 50 percent of people with diabetes, is the most common form of neuropathy. There are a wide variety of treatments and medications for neuropathy, depending on the type of nerve damage and the severity of symptoms, according to the Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy has many potential causes. Remember that if you’ve lost any sensation, you may not know when you are overdoing it with exercise. Rather, it’s the resulting infection — a particular issue among people with diabetes. Usually, this results from exposure via drinking water that has been exposed to industrial waste. Other than age, in the United States some of the more common risk factors for neuropathy include diabetes, metabolic syndrome (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes), and heavy alcohol use. It may spread up to the feet or hands and cause burning, freezing, throbbing and/or shooting pain that is often worse at night. It is a naturally occurring fatty acid found in foods, such as spinach, broccoli, yams, potatoes, Brussels sprouts, yeast, and organ meats such as kidney and liver. It is the control center, the hub from which all trains come and go. Also, significantly fewer Black and Hispanic individuals reported having received a painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy diagnosis. “The character and quality of neuropathic pain tends to be pain that’s burning or electric in character," says Dr. Williams.

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