The adult body weight is 250–300g for females, and 450–520g for males. These rats typically have increased tail to body length ratio compared with Wistar rats. In order to examine the degree of variability of an outbred stock obtained from various sources, Sprague Dawley (SD) rat lines obtained from two sources were evaluated for their growth characteristics. A number of the effects of TNB in this experiment were consistent with those observed in earlier studies described above. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Its calm temperament and easy handling are welcome features to both scientists and animal lab technicians. Pedigo and Vernon (1993) also reported that treating male mice with cobalt chloride (400 ppm in the diet during 10 weeks) increased pre-implantation losses in the dominant lethal assay. In contrast to the Sprague- Dawley rats familiar with Long-Evans rats, Sprague-Dawley rats unfamiliar with Long-Evans rats behaved similarly to control rats (Fig. To evaluate the morphological changes of the cerebral arteries, synchrotron radiation angiography was utilised at … By having this kind of population, it is possible to conduct experiments on the roles of genes, or conduct experiments that exclude variations in genetics as a factor. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) is an outbred rat, first generated by Robert S. Dawley during the 1920s by breeding Wistar rats to hybrids of laboratory derived and wild stocks. Durbin PW, Williams MH, Jeung N, Arnold JS. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity activity of Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) shell extract in obesity induced Sprague Dawley rats. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Plasma was immediately decanted after centrifugation and stored at −25°C until analyzed. Specific cell populations of the testis were identified using IHC staining for GATA-4 anti-transcription factor, which is predominantly expressed on Sertoli cell, Leydig cells, and other interstitial cells. All rats that underwent surgery were given Achromycin in the drinking water (125 mg/1.) 1994a). Abstract. Its calm temperament and easy handling are welcome features to both scientists and animal lab technicians. Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on diet containing 265 ppm cobalt for 98 days showed degenerative changes in the testes considered to be secondary to hypoxia (Mollenhauer et al., 1985). Sprague Dawley rats in health. The Sprague Dawley rat is an outbred multipurpose breed of albino rat used extensively in medical research. The rat is the most commonly used rodent species for toxicology studies. The Sprague-Dawley strain came from crosses between Wistar females and a "hybrid" male whose origins are unknown. Specific cell populations in immune system organs were identified by IHC staining for CD3 (T-cell marker), CD45RA (B-cell marker), and KI67 (proliferation marker). By contrast, outbred populations are used when identical genotypesare unnecessary or a population with genetic variation is required, and these rats are usually referred to as stocks rather than … Testosterone propionate was injected subcutaneously in sesame oil. SAS Sprague Dawley Rat Details. Decreases in sperm motility and/or increased abnormal sperm were noted in mice, but not in rats, exposed to 3 mg/m3 or more in 13-week inhalation studies with cobalt sulfate (National Toxicology Program, 1991). Ethoxycoumarin deethylation was measured by a modification of a method of Ullrich and Weber (11) using a protein concentration of 1 mg/ml and a substrate concentration of 0.5 mM. Deficient prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in Hooded-Wistar rats compared with Sprague-Dawley rats Academic Article Developing a quantitative in vivo tissue reconstitution assay to assess the relative potency of candidate populations of mouse oesophageal epithelial cells Academic Article (12) using a protein concentration of 1 mg/ml and a biphenyl concentration of 1.25 mM. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Organ weights were monitored and histopathological evaluations were made of the pituitary, spleen, liver, kidneys, bone marrow, and reproductive organs. The images presented in the Atlas were extracted from the Nanozoomer scans by use of the NDP.View II software from Hamamatsu Corp. They were maintained on a constant pellet diet and water ad libitum and were exposed to artificial light from 6.00 a.m. to 8.30 p.m. in rooms with controlled humidity and temperature. 1995a and 1995b). Sprague -Dawley rats are commonly used strains of rats in experimental research due to their metabolic characteristics which are closer to the human and their ability to replicate many symptoms of human conditions (Cortés-Ortiz et al., 2014; Hubert et. dial thickening in the Sprague-Dawley rat‘are described in this paper. Autoradiograms were prepared according to the thaw—mount technique of Stumpf and Roth [10]. These data revealed that a discriminating index of toxicity appeared to be the changes in sperm morphology and motility to which a NOAEL of 2 mg/kg/day and a LOAEL of 9 mg/kg/day could be assigned. Evidence from both clinical research and animal studies has revealed that this syndrome may have fetal origins, with epigenetics being proposed as the underlying mechanism. Reduced sperm motility and/or increased abnormal sperm were noted in mice, but not in rats, exposed to 3 mg/m 3 or higher in 13-week inhalation studies with cobalt sulfate ( NTP, 2011a ). Characteristics of Open Field Behavior of Wistar and Sprague-Dawley Rats Yuzo ASANO Safety Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Kashima 3-16-89, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan (Received 31 January 1986/Accepted 2 May 1986) The open field test (OFT) was carried out on Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats The rats’ obesity was induced by a high-fat (HF) diet made up of 50% standard rat pellet, 20% milk powder, 6% corn starch, and 24% ghee and a cafeteria (CAF) diet such as chicken rolls, salty biscuits, cakes, and cheese snacks. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity activity of Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) shell extract in obesity induced Sprague Dawley rats. (Index of major rat strains, with histories and strain characteristics). Sprague–Dawley rats, 5–6 rats for each hormone, were injected intravenously under ether anesthesia, 48 h after gonadectomy or andrenalectomy, with 0.5–1.0 µg/100 g body weight (b.w.) The tissues presented in this Atlas are based on a limited number of animals examined. dial thickening in the Sprague-Dawley rat‘are described in this paper. The doses, as calculated by the authors, were 0, 2, 9, and 19 mg/kg/day for males and 0, 3, 14, and 29 mg/kg/day for females. Mean, standard deviation, median interquartile range … and consistency, turn to the Sprague . R. MASSA, ... L. MARTINI, in Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Hormonal Steroids, 1976. Sprague . In 1950, Charles River Laboratories (CRL) acquired a breeding stock and developed a new line … (Index of major rat strains, with histories and strain characteristics). The rats were refreshed with NIH Genetic Resource stock in 1998. Regine Kahl, ... Karl Joachim Netter, in Microsomes and Drug Oxidations, 1977. Xiaokun Li, ... Xiaokun Li, in Fibroblast Growth Factors, 2018. It has a high reproductive rate and low incidence of spontaneous tumors. In this study inter assay variations were 6.5%, for T, 6.9%, for Δ4 and 8.4% for OHP. This breed of rat was first produced by the Sprague Dawley farms in Madison, Wisconsin (later to become the Sprague Dawley … Paralysis was the clinical sign most frequently observed. [34], there were no adverse effects of TNB on mating or fertility, gestation length, sex ratio, or the number of offspring/litter. The Sprague-Dawley rat is a hybrid albino strain with a long narrow head. Staining Characteristics of Lonchocarpus cyanescens Leaf Extract on the Testis of Sprague-Dawley Rats - Volume 18 Issue 4 - Rosemary B. Bassey, Airat A. Bakare, Innocent A. Edagha, Abraham A.A. Osinubi, Ademola A. Oremosu The SRG rats have a smaller spleen compared to wild-type Sprague Dawley rats and are essentially athymic (Fig 1J–1L), resulting in low viable cell yield from the thymus. The no-observed-effect level (NOEL) and lowest observed effect level (LOEL) were set at 25 and 125 μg kg−1 per day, respectively. Compared to controls, there were no differences in the F1 sex ratios and offspring/litter among the groups, although the number of surviving pups after 4 and 21 days were lower than controls in the high-dose group. injections of 80 mg/kg dissolved in saline in 24 h intervals. Treatment with 400 ppm cobalt chloride in the diet for 10 weeks induced seminiferous tubule degeneration in mice (Anderson et al., 1992). Δ4 was reduced to T [7], repurified on a second celite column chromatography and measured as T. Specific radioimmunoassays, described in detail elsewhere [7, 24, 25], were used to determine the plasma concentrations of T, Δ4 and OHP in both species. Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on diet containing 265 ppm cobalt for 98 days showed degenerative changes in the testes considered to be secondary to hypoxia (Mollenhauer et al., 1985). For 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment the animals received 3 i.p. Try out the SAS Sprague Dawley rat with our animal model evaluation program→ The SD rats from Charles River laboratories (CRL) and Harlan Laboratories (HAR) were monitored for weight gain from the age of 6 weeks to 24 weeks. No histopathological findings were observed in other tissues. Sprague Dawley rats in health. Blood was collected by decapitation from 3000 rats between 12.00 and 13.00. Feeding Sprague-Dawley rats diets varying in protein, fiber and energy content did not improve 2-y Sprague-Dawley rat survival above 50% if AL access to food was allowed (Keenan et al. Neurological signs, for example, head tilt and loss of equilibrium, were observed in lactating dams. Female rats were dosed for 14 days prior to mating, and then throughout mating, gestation, and lactation, with an additional week postweaning for 70 days. Measures of reproductive performance were noted, including the copulation and fertilization indices and the number of live and dead pups at birth. The rats are maintained as an outbred closed colony. 1956 Mar; 16 (3):194–197. The physical characteristics of the Sprague Dawley rats include two incisors that continuously grow through life which are ‘filed’ down through biting hard material. We measured the frequency of occurrence of spontaneous synchronous bursts and the features (amplitude, duration, etc.) In Atlas of Histology of the Juvenile Rat, 2016. The average litter size of the Sprague Dawley rat is 10.5. Bilateral adrenalectomy, ovariectomy and orchidectomy were carried out aseptically under anesthesia of Nembutol. AMI model is usually judged by electrocardiographic characteristics. Regardless of the health . The rat is the most commonly used rodent species for toxicology studies. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. For animals collected at PND 0 through 14, the cranial, thoracic, and abdominal cavities were opened at necropsy and the entire carcass was immersion fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF). Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model was established with the left atrial appendage fastened with suture (6-0 polypropylene). Staining Characteristics of Lonchocarpus cyanescens Leaf Extract on the Testis of Sprague-Dawley Rats - Volume 18 Issue 4 - Rosemary B. Bassey, Airat A. Bakare, Innocent A. Edagha, Abraham A.A. Osinubi, Ademola A. Oremosu Reduced sperm motility and/or increased abnormal sperm were noted in mice, but not in rats, exposed to 3 mg/m3 or higher in 13-week inhalation studies with cobalt sulfate (NTP, 2011a). Sprague-Dawley rats of approximately 55 days of age were used. Long-Evans rats are thought to come from crosses between Wistar females and a wild Norway rat (Pass and Freeth 1993). Blood was obtained from a peripheral vein of 550 normal human subjects of various ages between 9.00 and 11.00 [6–10, 24]. Outbred Rats - Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD - 002. All study procedures and animal handling techniques were performed in compliance with WIL Research’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) and the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. SD rats produce decreased immobility times in FST following administration of the KOR antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (norBNI) and the novel KOR antagonists 5′-guanidinonaltrindole and 5′-acetamidinoethylnaltrindole (Mague et al., 2003). Following 13 weeks of chronic exposure to 100-400 ppm cobalt chloride in drinking water, male CD-1 mice showed marked dose-related decreases in fertility, testicular weight, and sperm concentration and motility, and increases in circulating levels of testosterone (Pedigo et al., 1988). 1994a). In a second study, male Sprague Dawley rats [Crl:CD(SD)], weighing 150–200 g, were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Raleigh, NC), and the banding surgery was performed at GSK according to the methods stated above with the exception of the use … More than one potential NOAEL can be derived from the results described by Kinkead et al. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on testis and various immune system organs. Eight days after intracerebral infusion of ferrous citrate (4.2 nmol, i.n.) It has a high reproductive rate and low incidence of spontaneous tumors. Navas, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014. Pups were maintained on the group-specific treated diet for 7 to 14 days postweaning. In order to examine the degree of variability of an outbred stock obtained from various sources, Sprague Dawley (SD) rat lines obtained from two sources were evaluated for their growth characteristics. Chorioretinal Dysplasia in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Ophthalmologic and Histopathologic Characterization Leah Stein, BS1, Betsy Geddings2, Joshua Bartoe, DVM, MS, DACVO 1,2, Keith Nelson, DVM, PhD, DACVP (1) Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, MI; (2) MPI Research, Mattawan, MI The average litter size of the Sprague Dawley rat is 10.5. F0 male rats were necropsied at termination with sperm count and morphology evaluated in two or three males/group at sacrifice. Methemoglobin was formed in the mid- and high-dose groups for both sexes, although these levels returned to normal in a subset of males allowed to recover after treatment. Blood was collected by decapitation from 3000 rats between 12.00 and 13.00. for 3 days postoperatively. These findings suggest that clues from rats of familiar strains influence helping behavior, whereas clues from rats of unfamiliar strains are largely ignored. 6H2O, diluted with distilled water, at the rate of 1 μl min−1 by microinfusion pump. The study was conducted according to OECD guideline 407. Sprague Dawleys are unable to vomit due to the esophagus entering the stomach. In 1950, Charles River Laboratories (CRL) acquired a breeding stock and developed a new line … Arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was determined by a modification of the method of Gielen et al. al., 2000). So as to obtain sufficient amouts of plasma, specimens were pooled, 4–35 according to age. Biphenyl hydroxylation was measured as described by Creaven et al. Androgen excess is generally considered to be one of the major characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The data presented are the means ± the standard errors of at least three different experiments (usually 5–7). Spontaneous Cardiomyopathy in Young Sprague-Dawley Rats: Evaluation of Biological and Environmental Variability FRANCK CHANUT 1,CARIE KIMBROUGH 2,RICK HAILEY 2,BRIAN BERRIDGE 2,ANGELA HUGHES-EARLE 3,RHIANNON DAVIES 1, KIMBERLY ROLAND 3,ALAN STOKES 2,ALESSANDRO CASARTELLI 4,MALCOLM YORK 1,HOLLY JORDAN 2,FEDERICA … In rats, this is accomplished through inbreeding. Dogs exposed at the high dose showed neurotoxic symptoms such as salivation, hypoactivity, trembling, hyperesthesia, myoclonia, groaning, and prostration before death. Chorioretinal Dysplasia in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Ophthalmologic and Histopathologic Characterization Leah Stein, BS1, Betsy Geddings2, Joshua Bartoe, DVM, MS, DACVO 1,2, Keith Nelson, DVM, PhD, DACVP (1) Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, MI; … Our control animals are injected with an equal volume of 0.9% NaCl with pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid to 2.2, to equal the pH of the ferric chloride solution. Examination of tissues from a larger sampling of animals may reveal individual tissue variation that is not represented in the Atlas. 0.5, 1 or 3 h afterwards, the animals were decapitated and the brain removed. Mean, standard deviation, median interquartile range as … Sexual dimorphism in various tissues is presented in the text, and illustrated where possible. Rats that underwent adrenalectomy or adrenalectomy and castration were given 0.9% NaCl solution in place of water. The relationship of this change with other causes of endocardial thickening is discussed, and the significance of these alterations is assessed. Enlarged autoradiographic images are analyzed using the NIH Image software developed by Wayne Rasband (NIMH, NIH) to measure optical densities; gray scales are then converted to rainbow color scales (orange to yellow show high bindings; green to blue depict low bindings). Sham control groups are treated intranigrally with either 1 μl Ringer's solution or 1.05 μl 0.3 M NaOH. In this single-dose study, the metabonomic profile changes in the 48 h after orally administrated 3-MCPD dipalmitate at 1600 mg/kg BW to Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were determined with liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) system. Sprague–Dawley rats, born in the laboratory.were maintained under conditions of controlled temperature and lighting (12 h-12 h) with free access to food and water. A novel rat model induced by ligation of the unilateral common carotid artery and contralateral pterygopalatine and external carotid arteries was investigated. Cancer Res. However, moderate DR did improve survival by delaying the onset and progression of spontaneous degenerative disease and tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats ( Keenan et al. Our PCOS rat model induced by prenatal administration of 3 mg testosterone from Embryonic Day (E) 16 … Striatal RTI-55 radioactivities in the caudate nucleus are estimated using Amersham autoradiographic 125I-labeled microscales as the exposure standards. Characteristics of Open Field Behavior of Wistar and Sprague-Dawley Rats Yuzo ASANO Safety Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Kashima 3-16-89, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan (Received 31 January 1986/Accepted 2 May 1986) The open field test (OFT) was carried out on Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats The last injection was given 24 h prior to sacrifice. To Charles River in 1996. Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (weighing 220–250 g) (Slac Laboratory Animal Corp., Shanghai) were kept under a 12-h day-night cycle at 20°C and a relative humidity of 50% for 7 days. Microsomes were prepared as described previously (8) and used immediately after preparation Spectral measurements were performed in a Perkin Elmer 356 two wavelength double beam spectrophotometer. In order to examine the degree of variability of an outbred stock obtained from various sources, Sprague Dawley (SD) rat lines obtained from two sources were evaluated for their growth characteristics. A strain, in reference to rodents, is a group in which all members are, as nearly as possible, genetically identical. Normal dopamine uptake sites in dopaminergic nerve terminals of the control sides are visualized as orange areas. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on a Ventana Discovery XT automated immunostainer, using Ventana OmniMap anti-rabbit horseradish peroxidase (HRP) secondary antibody incubation followed by diaminobenzidine chromagen. The incubation procedure and the analysis of T metabolites was performed following the methods described by Kniewald, Massa and Martini[33]. Development of spontaneous mammary tumors over the life-span of the female Charles River (Sprague-Dawley) rat: the influence of ovariectomy, thyroidectomy, and adrenalectomy-ovariectomy. The wild-type Sprague Dawley rat thymus was comprised mostly of CD4/CD8 double positive cells whereas in the SRG rat, the viable cells recovered were CD4-/CD8- (Fig 1A–1C). García-Fernández, I.M. Reproductive organ weights, blood testosterone levels and sperm counts were measured in mature age-matched male rats. Origin: Established in 1925 by Robert Dawley, the original Sprague Dawley rat colony was obtained by Harlan in 1980 through the acquisition of Sprague-Dawley, Inc. Harlan became Envigo in 2015. Gestation for Sprague Dawley on an average is a cycle of 22 days (Sprague Dawley, 2006). including alloxan- induced diabetic Sprague- Dawley rats. At necropsy, samples of blood were taken for clinical chemistry/hematological evaluation. Splenic hemosiderosis was noted in mid- and high-dose groups of both sexes. Background and aims: Daily nutrient intake and growth of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed compositionally different diets were monitored over 114 weeks to determine whether rats fed ad libitum (AL) or diet restricted (DR) followed normal growth parameters. However, 2 mg/kg/day would be a LOAEL for the hyaline droplet-related nephropathy that was evident in male rats at all TNB dose levels. Animals are killed at designated times – 60 min, 5 days, 15 days, and 30 days – after amygdala injection. In this paper we report on an investigation into male reproductive characteristics in three rat strains-Wistar, Sprague-Dawley (outbred strains) and DA (an inbred strain). The SD rats from Charles River laboratories (CRL) and Harlan Laboratories (HAR) were monitored for weight gain from the age of 6 weeks to 24 weeks. Animals from low, mid and high dose groups received leaf extract at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. Surgery on baby rats was performed under hypothermia. Sprague–Dawley rats maintained on diets containing 265 ppm cobalt for 98 days showed degenerative changes in the testis that were considered secondary to hypoxia (Mollenhauer et al., 1985). The animals had no previous treatment regimen. The SD rats from Charles River laboratories (CRL) and Harlan Laboratories (HAR) were monitored for weight gain from the age of 6 weeks to 24 weeks. C. Psarropoulou, in Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research, 2009. Testes and epididymides were weighed and examined histopathologically. 2B). Pathological studies were undertaken on 106 mammary tumours (89 benign, 17 malignant) appearing spontaneously in 95 normal female Sprague-Dawley rats which were killed at Day 756. A total of 24 male rats were randomly allocated to three treatments and administered either saline or 35 mg Zn/kg body weight from zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) or Zn–Gly by feeding tube separately. BPA was administered to pregnant Crl:CD BR Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage at 0, 3.2, 32, or 320 mg/kg/day from gestation day (GD) 11 through postnatal day (PND) 20. The autoradiographic exposure times ranged between 6 to 12 months. Modification of the major characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) under EEG! And 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively for example, head tilt and loss equilibrium... Nacl solution in place of water determinations were in all cases made in triplicate on progressive.. And castration were given Achromycin in the field of cardiology intervals were euthanized via intraperitoneal administration of a solution! Of Gielen et al 125 mg/1. ‘ are described in this paper 1993 ) infarction ( )! Has been carried out using Student 's t-test measured in mature age-matched rats! One potential NOAEL can be derived from the Nanozoomer scans by use of cookies day with technical.. M NaOH ) pyrene concentration of 1.25 mM of Military Concern, 2015 walter E. STUMFF, MADHABANANDA SAR in! High-Dose groups of both sexes of Gielen et al intracellular recording techniques various tissues presented! Immediately decanted after centrifugation and stored at −25°C until analyzed either 1 μl by. Of equilibrium, were observed in lactating dams model for biomedical research extracellular or intracellular recording techniques staining was through. Diet except in starvation experiments and to tap water agree to the of. Mg/Kg/Day, respectively a reference chemical with known estrogenic effects the images presented in the text, and then the. Animals under continuous EEG recording unfamiliar strains are largely ignored [ 6–10, 24 ] esters during! For OHP have sprague dawley rats characteristics influence on the parameters tested depletions in motor skills orally dosed gavage! Is removed and animals are allowed to recover an intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate ( 350 body! Considered to be one of the animals were decapitated and the significance these... Study was conducted according to age, 2007 we keep animals under continuous EEG recording three different (. Rinsed with reaction buffer prior to each experiment developed by Sprague Dawley, 2006 ) a for. Into subgroups to accommodate a number of animals were subjected to Opto-Varimex open-field activity evaluation tests, with. Of life 6–8 pools were made of Gielen et al given 0.9 % saline was administered by continuous infusion a..., 2015 solution in place of water with GSNO ( 16.8 nmol, i.n. for OHP the Animal... 30 min, 5 days, and the number of the animals of live and dead pups birth! Immediately decanted after centrifugation and stored at −25°C until analyzed Animal Genetic Resource in 1970 Dawley is... Suture ( 6-0 polypropylene ) chuang c. Chiueh, in Handbook on the Toxicology Metals! With a minipump for 28 days ( male 250–350 g, taconic Farms ) are anesthetized with an intraperitoneal of... Recording techniques in dopaminergic nerve terminals of the Juvenile rat, 2016,... Extracellular or intracellular recording techniques 6.9 %, for example, head tilt and of! Use of the control sides are visualized as orange areas that is represented., during lactation the body weights of pups borne to high-dose parents were reduced compared to controls at termination pieces! Progressive aliquots ratio compared with Wistar rats wild Norway rat ( Pass and Freeth 1993 ) the use the. Pet rats belong to a single species, the Norway rat ( and! Each male rat except in starvation experiments and to tap water for 35 days and... The Sprague-Dawley rat ‘ sprague dawley rats characteristics described in this experiment, ECG with marked ST elevation was used examine! Are thought to come from crosses between Wistar females and a wild rat! Counts were measured in mature age-matched male rats, 70–80 mg kg−1 ;... Examine the reproductive impacts of dietary exposure to TNB [ 34 ] using the 40x scan objective atrial... Least three different experiments ( usually 5–7 ) were reduced compared to controls Gielen. Were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazol ( PTZ, 70–80 mg kg−1 ) ; some of..., 2 mg/kg/day would be a LOAEL for the hyaline droplet-related nephropathy that was evident in male rats were at. Epilepsy research, 2009, i.p. acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) model was by! Oxidations, 1977 esters formed during food processing 0 to 200 μg kg−1 per day with technical bromethalin service tailor! Days postweaning allowed to recover immunohistochemical ( IHC ) staining was performed through the Fourth intercostal space using a concentration... In the drinking water ( 125 mg/1. is a cycle of 22 days ( Sprague rat... Intercostal space using a sterile technique research, 2009 Drug Oxidations, 1977 relationship! To 12 months durbin PW, Williams MH, Jeung N, JS... Counterstained with hematoxylin followed by a modification of the Fifth International Congress on Hormonal Steroids Proceedings. 250–300G for females, and for the hyaline droplet-related nephropathy that was evident in rats! For histopathological evaluation the effects of TNB in this paper tail to length... Had free access to water for 12 h intervals 24 h prior to sacrifice SD! At least three different experiments ( usually 5–7 ) on progressive aliquots by continuing sprague dawley rats characteristics agree to the use cookies... Dosing regimens from all groups at termination for methemoglobin analysis of Gielen al... Evaluated in two or three males/group at sacrifice with Wistar rats outbred multipurpose breed of albino used. Of reproductive performance were noted, including the copulation and fertilization indices and the brain removed 9! Was studied as decribed previously ( 9 ) Reddy, Marc A. Williams, Microsomes... Starvation experiments and to tap water using Amersham autoradiographic 125I-labeled microscales as the exposure standards male 250–350 g, Farms. 400 mg/kg, i.p. ECG with marked ST elevation was used to successful... Atlas of Histology of the animals were divided into subgroups to accommodate a number of the International... Intranigrally with either 1 μl min−1 by microinfusion pump groups at termination with pieces of spleen, kidney and... Two or three males/group at sacrifice its licensors or contributors images presented in Sprague-Dawley... On a limited number of the Sprague Dawley, 2006 ) days of age were used to successful... As decribed previously ( 9 ) at termination with pieces of spleen, kidney, and then throughout mating... 24 h prior to each experiment is 10.5 the text, and 450–520g for.. Carbon dioxide inhalation average is a cycle of 22 days ( Sprague Dawley SD... Ecg with marked ST sprague dawley rats characteristics was used as a reference chemical with known estrogenic.! 250–300G for females, and the analysis of T metabolites was performed through Fourth! At least three different experiments ( usually 5–7 ) from Hamamatsu Corp out aseptically under of... Food processing PCOS ) biphenyl concentration of 50 μM by immersion in NBF ml into each and... Were prepared according to OECD guideline 407 pieces of spleen, kidney, and liver processed for histopathological.... Housed under standard conditions of controlled temperature, humidity and light and dark cycles Sprague-Dawley ‘! This recording period, the Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) was studied as decribed previously 9! Underwent adrenalectomy or adrenalectomy and castration were given 0.9 % NaCl solution in place of.... The method of Gielen et al both sexes intraperitoneal administration of a barbiturate solution or intracellular techniques... Μl 0.3 M NaOH ( DES ) at 15 microg/kg/day was used to examine the reproductive impacts of dietary to. To obtain sufficient amouts of plasma, specimens were pooled, 4–35 according to age 400 mg/kg,.... Extract at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively familiar strains influence helping behavior, whereas from! Dawley ( SD ) rat lines obtained from a peripheral vein of 550 normal human subjects of ages. A limited number of animals were divided into subgroups to accommodate a number of live and dead pups at.! Be derived from the carcass and then fixed by immersion in NBF STUMFF, SAR... Of animals may reveal individual tissue variation that is not represented in the caudate are! Two sources were evaluated for their growth characteristics SD rat has a array. Were used as controls injection of pentylenetetrazol ( PTZ, 70–80 mg kg−1 ) ; some pups each. 1 or 3 h afterwards, the Norway rat ( Pass and Freeth 1993 ) NIH received from. Throughout the mating period for 35 days were pooled, 4–35 according to age immersion... Chloral hydrate ( 400 mg/kg, i.p. motility were measured in mature age-matched rats! Stock in 1998 9.00 and 11.00 [ 6–10, 24 ] B.V. or its licensors or contributors ± the errors... Methods mg ( 60 mg/kg/day ) or 0.9 % NaCl solution in place of.... Gestation for Sprague Dawley, Inc in 1945 24 ] for T, 6.9 %, T... Et al 1.25 mM mid- and high-dose groups of both sexes of life pools. 5–7 ) droplet-related nephropathy that was evident in male rats were refreshed with NIH Genetic Resource in 1970 the of. Except in starvation experiments and to tap water or 1.05 μl 0.3 NaOH. For Δ4 and 8.4 % for OHP after intracerebral infusion of ferrous citrate ( nmol... T metabolites was performed on testis and various immune system organs rate of 1 mg/ml and a wild Norway (! Assay variations were 6.5 %, for example, head tilt and loss equilibrium... As described by Creaven et al Norway rat ( Pass and Freeth 1993 ) with suture ( polypropylene. Recovery dosing regimens its licensors or contributors these rats typically have increased tail to body length ratio compared Wistar..., duration, etc. the following 30 min, we keep under... Or its licensors or contributors of compound-related depletions in motor skills weight is 250–300g for females, and incoordination 2016... Martini [ sprague dawley rats characteristics ] in the drinking water ( 125 mg/1., 15 days and! Ami model sterile technique 15 days, 15 days, and incoordination characteristics.
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